Reinforcing the importance of properly crafted and enforced work-time tracking policies, Judge Michael Telesca of the Western District of New York recently dismissed the balance of a plaintiff’s claims in a lawsuit alleging failure to compensate non-exempt employees for all overtime hours. The Court based its decision on the employer’s strong time tracking policies and protocols. Kuebel v. Black & Decker (U.S.) Inc., 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 46533 (W.D.N.Y. May 12, 2010).
The plaintiff in Kuebel was a retail specialist responsible for the stocking, pricing and display of Black & Decker products at six Home Depot stores. Id. at * 8-9. He alleged that his supervisors instructed him to “shave” his timesheets to reflect forty hours worked each week, regardless of how many he actually worked, in contravention of Black & Decker’s written policies regarding timekeeping. Id. at * 22-23. Based on the Court’s review of the claims and plaintiff’s records of hours worked, as reflected by his timesheets, his calendar and his company-issued PDA, the Court granted summary judgment to Black & Decker. Id. at * 32-45.
In analyzing the Defendant’s summary judgment motion, the Court considered whether Plaintiff had demonstrated the two “essential” components of his “off the clock” claim, namely “1) the amount of uncompensated work he actually performed and (2) that defendant had actual or constructive knowledge of the amount of time that plaintiff was working off-the-clock.” Id. at * 30.
As to the first prong, evidence of the amount of uncompensated work, the Court held that plaintiff failed to demonstrate the inadequacy of Defendant’s time records (which would have entitled Plaintiff to a lesser burden of proof). Id. at * 30-32. The time records were thus an accurate record of Plaintiff’s overtime worked. And, the Court further reasoned that based on plaintiff’s own contradictory statements regarding the percentage of his timesheets which were allegedly inaccurate, plaintiff could not prevail even if entitled to the lower standard, which typically is available to Plaintiffs in FLSA cases only where the employer has failed to maintain accurate records of hours worked. Id. Thus, Plaintiff could not provide evidence of the amount of allegedly uncompensated work he had performed. Id.
Even if plaintiff was able to present evidence of uncompensated time, the Court stated no monies would be due since plaintiff could not meet the second prong of the test, in that he failed to demonstrate that the Defendant possessed “constructive knowledge” of his uncompensated work hours, despite his allegations that Defendant’s managers instructed him to underreport his time. Id.
In an earlier opinion in the same case, the Judge had dismissed Plaintiff’s claims for alleged unpaid commuting time. Kuebel v. Black & Decker (U.S.) Inc., 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 43846 (W.D.N.Y. May 18, 2009)(commute time up to 60 minutes to and from varying job sites not compensable under FLSA). There, the Court held that despite the fact that Plaintiff’s initial “commute” could be to any one of his six assigned stores, Black & Decker’s policy of designating the first hour of that commute as non-compensable commuting time did not violate the FLSA. The Court did not reach the question of whether the entire commute was non-compensable, as Black & Decker treated commuting time in excess of the first hour as compensable.
Kuebel demonstrates that it is possible for an employer to obtain summary judgment on a claim for alleged unrecorded unpaid work time even where that employee is a “field” employee not under the employer’s roof and immediate supervision. It is essential for all employers to ensure that their timekeeping policies comport with applicable federal and state law, expressly prohibit “off the clock” work and clearly and unequivocally advise employees to report all hours worked.
